A timeline of key events, causes, and consequences from 2022 to 2025.

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Russia launches a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Cities like Kyiv, Kharkiv, and Mariupol come under heavy attack.

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Countries impose sanctions on Russia. NATO supports Ukraine with weapons and aid.

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Ukrainian forces and civilians put up a fierce resistance, led by President Zelenskyy.

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Heavy fighting erupts in Donetsk and Luhansk regions as Russia shifts focus to the east.

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Over 10 million people flee Ukraine, sparking Europe's largest refugee crisis in decades.

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Massacres in Bucha and other areas lead to war crimes investigations against Russia.

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War disrupts global supply chains, causing inflation and energy shortages worldwide.

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Ukraine retakes key territories with Western weapons and intelligence support.

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Multiple talks occur, but lasting peace remains out of reach. War continues into 2025.

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